Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

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Which term describes air trapped between the pleurae?

Pneumothorax
Subcutaneous emphysema
Hemothorax
Thoracic contusion

The correct answer is: Pneumothorax

The term that describes air trapped between the pleurae is pneumothorax. The pleurae are the two layers of membranes that surround the lungs, and when air enters the pleural space due to trauma, a ruptured lung, or certain medical procedures, it creates a pneumothorax. This condition can lead to a collapse of the lung on the affected side, which may cause respiratory distress and requires immediate medical attention. Pneumothorax is characterized by the accumulation of air, which exerts pressure on the lung and inhibits its ability to expand properly during inhalation. Understanding this concept is crucial for EMTs as they respond to patients with respiratory distress and need to recognize and potentially treat conditions like pneumothorax. The other conditions mentioned do not refer to trapped air between the pleurae. Subcutaneous emphysema refers to air that is trapped under the skin. Hemothorax refers to the accumulation of blood within the pleural space, which can also lead to respiratory issues but involves blood rather than air. Thoracic contusion refers to bruising of the chest wall and does not specifically address pleural involvement or air accumulation.