Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What does bright red blood in feces typically signify?

1. An upper GI bleed

2. A lower GI tract bleed

3. Internal organ damage

4. A bruise

The correct answer is: A lower GI tract bleed

Bright red blood in feces typically signifies a bleed in the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This coloration indicates that the blood has not undergone significant digestive processing, which usually occurs in the upper GI tract where blood from injuries or conditions often appears darker by the time it is expelled. When bright red blood is present in the stool, it often points to sources such as hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, or colorectal cancer, all of which occur in the lower part of the digestive system. The blood appears fresh and is usually mixed with the stool, whereas blood from an upper GI bleed, such as from the esophagus or stomach, would more likely appear darker, often resembling coffee grounds or tar due to the effects of stomach acid. Recognizing this symptom is crucial for determining the urgency and type of medical intervention required, especially since lower GI tract bleeding can range in severity and can be linked to various health conditions.